Datasets

Here you will find a collection of real spatial and spatio-temporal datasets, which have been used in research papers for experimentation purposes. Also, links to generators of synthetic spatio-temporal datasets. Last but not least, a number of other useful links, including e.g. the ESRI site with TIGER/Line 2000 data.

Real (spatial) datasets

Feifei Li's collection of real road network data (nodes - edges - POIs of road networks in California, San Francisco, North America, San Joaquin County, City of Oldenburg) 

Low-dimensional geographical data (streets, railroad lines, rivers, lakes, cities etc. in Germany, Greece, US and elsewhere)

Real (spatio-temporal) datasets

Trajectories of moving objects
Dieter Pfoser's collection of links (animal, hurricanes, vehicles etc.)

Generators for synthetic (spatio-temporal) datasets

GSTD (Generating Spatio-Temporal Datasets) by Yannis Theodoridis and Mario Nascimento [TSN99, TN00, PT00].
For point or rectangular moving objects The original version assumed unrestricted motion in the workspace while a more recent version introduced restrictions as an infrastructure of stationery objects.
Available at http://db.cs.ualberta.ca:8080/gstd

Generator for network-based moving objects by Thomas Brinkhoff [Bri00, Bri02].
For moving points in road networks. The driving application is the field of traffic telematics.
Available at http://www.fhoow.de/institute/iapg/personen/brinkhoff/generator/

OPORTO Generator by J.-M. Saglio and Jose Moreira [SM01].
For point and region moving objects, motivated by the concept of fishing ships (ships are attracted by shoals of fish, fishes are attracted by plankton areas, and so on).
Available at http://www-inf.enst.fr/~saglio/etudes/oporto/

G-TERD (Generator for Time-Evolving Regional Data) by Yannis Manolopoulos' group [TVM02].
For complex regional objects, with their motion influenced by other moving or static objects.
Available at http://delab.csd.auth.gr/stdbs/g-terd.html

Other useful links: 

U.S. Census 2000 TIGER/Line Data, ESRI (data in shapefile format)

Digital Chart of the World, Penn State University Libraries (data in Arc/Info export format)

IRI/LDEO Climate Data Library (by the International Research Institute for Climate Prediction)